Emotion

My Own Writing

Emotions are what drive you and what ultimately give life value and meaning. Therefore, treat them with some respect. At least as much as you give to thoughts. 

Emotion is the ultimate driver of human behavior. It’s the reason we do what we do. 

Anything that evokes strong emotion in you deserves your attention

Everything human has an emotional dimension, if you look for it. 

Emotions are messages. They carry information. They’re trying to tell you something. Listen to them. Try to understand what they’re saying. Ignore them at your peril.  

Actions and emotions are linked. 

There is an emotional/spiritual layer to life, revealed through music, poetry, and emotional language. 

Your emotions can be your greatest ally or your worst enemy. 

You don’t wait for your mood to change before taking action. You make it change by taking action. 

If you eliminate all negative emotions, what remains must be positive. 

You can’t feel a thought, only an emotion. 

What are the physiological underpinnings of emotion? Hormones? Neurotransmitters? Stimulation of certain brain areas?

Words trigger thoughts which in turn trigger emotions. 

The quality of your life depends on the quality of your emotions. 

 
Excerpted From Wikipedia

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion
Dates: 13-Oct-2012, 25-May-2015

In psychology, philosophy, and their many subsets, emotion is the generic term for subjective, conscious experience that is characterized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states. Emotion is often associated and considered reciprocally influential with mood, temperament, personality, disposition, and motivation, as well as influenced by hormones and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, oxytocin and cortisol. Emotion is often the driving force behind motivation, positive or negative. The physiology of emotion is closely linked to arousal of the nervous system with various states and strengths of arousal relating, apparently, to particular emotions. Although those acting primarily on emotion may seem as if they are not thinking, cognition is an important aspect of emotion, particularly the interpretation of events. For example, the experience of fear usually occurs in response to a threat. The cognition of danger and subsequent arousal of the nervous system (e.g. rapid heartbeat and breathing, sweating, muscle tension) is an integral component to the subsequent interpretation and labeling of that arousal as an emotional state. Emotion is also linked to behavioral tendency. Research on emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades with many fields contributing including psychology, neuroscience, medicine, sociology, and even computer science. The numerous theories that attempt to explain the origin, neurobiology, experience, and function of emotions have only fostered more intense research on this topic.

 
Neurocircuitry

Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian elaborations of general vertebrate arousal patterns, in which neurochemicals (for example, dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin) step-up or step-down the brain’s activity level, as visible in body movements, gestures, and postures. Emotions can likely be mediated by pheromones (see fear).

For example, the emotion of love is proposed to be the expression of paleocircuits of the mammalian brain (specifically, modules of the cingulate gyrus) which facilitate the care, feeding, and grooming of offspring. Paleocircuits are neural platforms for bodily expression configured before the advent of cortical circuits for speech. They consist of pre-configured pathways or networks of nerve cells in the forebrain, brain stem, and spinal cord.

The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which is proposed to have developed into mammalian emotion and emotional memory. The mammalian brain invested heavily in olfaction to succeed at night as reptiles slept—one explanation for why olfactory lobes in mammalian brains are proportionally larger than in the reptiles. These odor pathways gradually formed the neural blueprint for what was later to become our limbic brain.

Emotions are thought to be related to certain activities in brain areas that direct our attention, motivate our behavior, and determine the significance of what is going on around us. Pioneering work by Broca (1878), Papez (1937), and MacLean (1952) suggested that emotion is related to a group of structures in the center of the brain called the limbic system, which includes the hypothalamus, cingulate cortex, hippocampi, and other structures. More recent research has shown that some of these limbic structures are not as directly related to emotion as others are, while some non-limbic structures have been found to be of greater emotional relevance.

In 2011, Lövheim proposed a direct relation between specific combinations of the levels of the signal substances dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin and eight basic emotions. A model was presented where the signal substances form the axes of a coordinate system, and the eight basic emotions according to Silvan Tomkins are placed in the eight corners. Anger is, according to the model, for example produced by the combination of low serotonin, high dopamine and high noradrenaline.

 
My Own Work

Positive Emotions

Aesthetic Pleasure
Confidence
Courage
Creativity
Determination
Encouragement
Excitement
Gnostic Pleasure
Gratitude
Happiness
Hope
Inspiration
Love
Lust
Motivation
Optimism
Self Esteem
Serenity
Wonder

 
Negative Emotions

Anger
Depression
Fear
Frustration
Jealousy
Loneliness
Pain
Regret
Sadness

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